Does public engagement shape planning outcomes for renewable energy projects?

Across solar and onshore wind projects, approved projects were more likely to have adapted in response to feedback, making more changes based on community input than projects that went to appeal. Engagement levels were generally similar across projects, suggesting that responsiveness – rather than the volume of engagement activity alone – may be associated with more favourable planning outcomes.

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Battery storage projects showed a different pattern. Engagement levels did not differ significantly between approved and appealed schemes, indicating that other factors may play a stronger role in shaping outcomes for these technologies, and warranting further research.

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The research also found that opposition was common across both approved and appealed projects. Around half of approved projects still experienced some degree of organised local opposition, suggesting that opposition alone does not determine planning outcomes.

The broader planning challenges

This work also highlights the broader planning context shaping renewable energy delivery. Developers identified planning authority workload, requests for additional information and environmental concerns among the factors contributing to delays and uncertainty in the planning process.

You can read the full paper here.

Continuing this research

This study reflects a broader body of work exploring how planning, engagement and local delivery shape the pace of the energy transition. Working with stakeholders across the sector, Regen is leading the conversation on how the planning system can help deliver a transition that’s both fast and fair. If you are interested in developing further research in this area, please reach out to Jessica Hogan.

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